- 18 Apr 2017 Anthrax, human, livestock, 2016 - Argentina
- 18 Apr 2017 Bat Lyssavirus - Taiwan
- 18 Apr 2017 Salmonellosis - Peru: (AR) chicken barbeque
- 18 Apr 2017 Leishmaniasis - Spain: (MD) rabbit reservoir
- 18 Apr 2017 Human enterovirus - Taiwan: alert
- 18 Apr 2017 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (14): Americas, Asia
- 18 Apr 2017 Malaria, autochthonous - Brazil: (RJ)
- 17 Apr 2017 Avian influenza (92): Europe (France) HPAI H5N8, poultry, international trade
- 17 Apr 2017 Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (06): (NI) fatal, sg. A, B and C
- 17 Apr 2017 Tick-bite fever - Nepal: (DO) eschar, hard-bodied tick
- 17 Apr 2017 Avian influenza, human (44): China, H7N9, updates, pandemic potential
- 17 Apr 2017 White nose syndrome, bats - North America (05): (MO) bat population decline
- 17 Apr 2017 Legionellosis - France: (LP) fatal, recurrence
- 17 Apr 2017 Foodborne illness - India (02): (BR) RFI
- 17 Apr 2017 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (13): Asia
- 16 Apr 2017 Ebola update (15): news, research, vaccine
- 16 Apr 2017 Q fever - Germany: (RP) sheep cell therapy, 2014
- 16 Apr 2017 Zika virus (06): Americas, Pacific, Asia, Africa, research
- 16 Apr 2017 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (12): Africa
- 16 Apr 2017 Hantavirus - Americas (26): Chile (LL)
- 16 Apr 2017 Poisoning, belladonna - USA (03): homeopathic teething product recall
- 16 Apr 2017 Chronic wasting disease, cervid - Norway (02): reindeer herd slaughter
- 15 Apr 2017 Undiagnosed disease - Congo DR: (NK) fatal, RFI
- 15 Apr 2017 Foodborne illness - Colombia: (BL) inmates, RFI
- 15 Apr 2017 MERS-CoV (22): UAE (AZ), Saudi Arabia (RI,MK) Qatar, RFI
- 15 Apr 2017 Hemorrhagic septicemia - Israel (02): (HZ) bovine, OIE
- 15 Apr 2017 Turmeric infusion - USA (CA): fatal
- 15 Apr 2017 Measles update (20)
- 15 Apr 2017 Chronic wasting disease, cervid - Norway: reindeer herd slaughter
- 15 Apr 2017 Brucellosis, livestock, human - Kazakhstan: (WK) RFI
- 14 Apr 2017 Typhoid fever - Tonga
- 14 Apr 2017 E. coli EHEC - Canada (07): O121, flour, wider recall
- 14 Apr 2017 Pertussis (02): USA, maternal immunization
- 14 Apr 2017 E. coli EHEC - USA (07): (MA) O157, restaurant chain, RFI
- 14 Apr 2017 American foulbrood, apis - USA (02): (HI)
- 14 Apr 2017 Palm oil, toxic - UK: (England) canine deaths, alert
- 14 Apr 2017 Avian influenza (91): Europe (Finland) Africa (Niger) H5N8, wild, poultry, OIE
- 13 Apr 2017 Rabies (19): Asia (Taiwan) animal, human exposure, clarification
- 13 Apr 2017 Yellow fever - Africa: Congo DR, vaccine reactions
- 13 Apr 2017 Avian influenza (90): China (Hong Kong) wildbird, HPAI H5N6, OIE
- 13 Apr 2017 Anthrax - Zimbabwe: (MN) wildlife
- 13 Apr 2017 Typhoid fever - New Zealand (03): (AU) church community
- 13 Apr 2017 Conjunctivitis - Mexico: (TM)
- 13 Apr 2017 Legionellosis - Australia: (VI)
- 13 Apr 2017 Usutu virus - Europe (03): Germany (NW) blood donor
- 13 Apr 2017 Feline immunodeficiency virus - Canada: (BC) alert
- 13 Apr 2017 Measles update (19)
- 13 Apr 2017 Influenza (10): WHO global update
- 13 Apr 2017 Cercospora leaf spot, sugar beet - UK: strobilurin resistance
- 13 Apr 2017 Stripe rust, durum wheat - Mexico: new strain
- 13 Apr 2017 Japanese encephalitis and yellow fever - Africa: Angola (CU)
- 12 Apr 2017 Lassa fever - West Africa (16): Nigeria (BA)
- 12 Apr 2017 Malaria - Botswana
- 12 Apr 2017 Candida auris - Panama: (Panama City) nosocomial
- 12 Apr 2017 Anthrax - Philippines (03): (AB) human, bovine, not confirmed
- 12 Apr 2017 Melioidosis - Australia (04): (NT)
- 12 Apr 2017 Rabies (18): Asia (Taiwan, Kyrgyzstan) animal, human
- 12 Apr 2017 Avian influenza, human (43): China, H7N9
- 12 Apr 2017 Plague, animal - USA (03): (NM) feline, canine
- 12 Apr 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (38): PAHO/WHO, Brazil
- 12 Apr 2017 Avian influenza (89): Bangladesh (DH) crow, HPAI H5, OIE
- 11 Apr 2017 Eastern equine encephalitis - Suriname: (WA,PR) 1st rep, OIE
- 11 Apr 2017 Podoconiosis - Uganda: not filariasis
- 11 Apr 2017 Coral reef kill - Australia: (Great Barrier Reef)
- 11 Apr 2017 Foot & mouth disease - Algeria (04): (SF) bov, st SAT1, new, OIE, st A geno G-IV
- 11 Apr 2017 Infant botulism - Japan: (Tokyo) honey, fatal
- 11 Apr 2017 Anthrax - France: (HM) bovine
- 10 Apr 2017 Canine distemper, wildlife - USA (03): (TN) raccoon, susp
- 10 Apr 2017 Meningitis - Nigeria: (LA) not meningococcal
- 10 Apr 2017 Ebola update (14): news, research, vaccine
- 10 Apr 2017 Hepatitis A - USA (03): (OR) food workers
- 10 Apr 2017 Food contamination, bat - USA: (FL) salad, recall, rabies vacc advised
- 09 Apr 2017 Campylobacteriosis - Sweden: chicken source
- 09 Apr 2017 Avian influenza, human (42): China, H7N9
- 09 Apr 2017 Varicella - Pakistan: (Faisalabad)
- 09 Apr 2017 Food poisoning, undiagnosed fatalities - South Africa: RFI
- 08 Apr 2017 Mumps update (15): New Zealand, USA
- 08 Apr 2017 Hepatitis A - USA (02): (CA) fatalities
- 08 Apr 2017 Ciguatera fish poisoning - China: (HK) susp.
- 08 Apr 2017 Leishmaniasis - Pakistan: treatment program
- 08 Apr 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (37): PAHO/WHO
- 08 Apr 2017 Foot & mouth disease - Algeria (03): (MD, BB) bovine, spread, OIE
- 08 Apr 2017 Hantavirus - Americas (25): Chile (LL), USA (NM)
- 08 Apr 2017 New in IJID (04): April 2017
- 08 Apr 2017 Measles update (18)
- 08 Apr 2017 Kyasanur Forest disease - India (07): (GA), new cases
- 07 Apr 2017 Lead poisoning - USA (02): (HI) children
- 07 Apr 2017 Foodborne illness - Cambodia: (BA) soy milk, RFI
- 07 Apr 2017 Toxoplasmosis - Serbia: horse meat
- 07 Apr 2017 Angiostrongylus cantonensis - USA: (HI)
- 07 Apr 2017 White nose syndrome, bats - North America (04): (SC) new counties
- 07 Apr 2017 Guava rust, myrtaceous hosts - New Zealand: 1st rep (Kermadec Islands)
- 07 Apr 2017 Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (05): (CR) fatal
- 07 Apr 2017 Meningitis - Ghana: (AH) fatal, high school students, RFI
- 07 Apr 2017 Announcements (01): OIE - WAHIS online survey
- 06 Apr 2017 Xylella, ornamental hosts - Czech & Slovak Republics ex Spain, susp.
- 06 Apr 2017 Chemical weapons - Syria (05): nerve gas confirmation
- 06 Apr 2017 Anthrax - Philippines (02): (AB) human, bovine, RFI
- 06 Apr 2017 E. coli EHEC - Canada (06): O121, flour, expanded recall
- 06 Apr 2017 Infectious pancreatic necrosis, fish - Norway: corr, salmon pancreas disease susp
- 06 Apr 2017 Streptococcus, group A - Canada (02): (ON) fatal, homeless shelter, emm74, clonal
- 06 Apr 2017 Hantavirus - Americas (24): USA (WA) susp
- 06 Apr 2017 Avian influenza, human (41): China, H7N9, WHO
- 06 Apr 2017 Hepatitis C - India: (PB)
- 06 Apr 2017 Syphilis - USA (02): (OK) increasing cases, RFI
- 05 Apr 2017 Equine herpesvirus - North America (14): USA (MD, NJ) equine
- 05 Apr 2017 Chemical weapons - Syria (04): sarin gas
- 05 Apr 2017 Leishmaniasis, visceral - Cameroun: (EN, NO)
- 05 Apr 2017 Hepatitis C - USA (03): (NH) injection drug use
- 05 Apr 2017 E. coli EHEC - USA (06): O157, soynut butter
- 05 Apr 2017 Salmonellosis - Australia: (VI) raw eggs
- 05 Apr 2017 Syphilis, gonococcal dis, chlamydia - USA (02): (CA) coll. stu., incr. rate, RFI
- 05 Apr 2017 Rabies (17): Asia (India) bat
- 05 Apr 2017 Typhoid fever - New Zealand (02): (AU) church community
- 05 Apr 2017 MERS-CoV (21): Egypt, animal reservoir, camel, ex Sudan, control, RFI
- 05 Apr 2017 Measles update (17)
- 05 Apr 2017 Chikungunya (11): Asia (Pakistan)
- 04 Apr 2017 Ionophore intoxication, swine - Israel: salinomycin, maduramicin
- 04 Apr 2017 Lassa fever - West Africa (15): Nigeria (KO)
- 04 Apr 2017 Monkeypox - Republic of Congo (02)
- 04 Apr 2017 Chemical weapons - Syria (03): sarin gas
- 04 Apr 2017 Rift Valley fever - Niger: livestock, human, risk assessment, FAO
- 04 Apr 2017 Foot & mouth disease - Israel (04): (HD) bovine, st. O, topotype EA-3
- 04 Apr 2017 Anthrax - Australia (08): (VI) ovine, more information
- 04 Apr 2017 MERS-CoV (20): Qatar, Saudi Arabia, WHO
- 04 Apr 2017 Avian influenza (88): USA (KY) poultry, LPAI H7N9
- 03 Apr 2017 Bacterial canker, kiwifruit - Italy
- 03 Apr 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (36): PAHO/WHO
- 03 Apr 2017 Cutaneous & renal glomerular vasculopathy, canine - UK (03): (England) spread
- 03 Apr 2017 Foot & mouth disease - India: (KA) bovine, RFI
- 03 Apr 2017 Anthrax - Australia (07): (VI) ovine, new outbreak
- 03 Apr 2017 Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (04): mass vaccination, comments
- 03 Apr 2017 Anthrax - India: (OD) elephant
- 03 Apr 2017 Infectious pancreatic necrosis, fish - Norway: (NT) farmed salmon
- 03 Apr 2017 Typhoid fever - New Zealand: (AU) RFI
- 03 Apr 2017 Intestinal helminths - Bangladesh: (KH) treatment adverse reaction susp
- 03 Apr 2017 Grayanotoxin poisoning - China: (Hong Kong) honey
- 03 Apr 2017 Herpes simplex type 1, genital - USA (02): (NYC) circumcision, RFI
- 03 Apr 2017 Carbon monoxide poisoning - USA: (MI) fatalities
- 03 Apr 2017 Chemical weapons - Syria (02): (HM) susp
- 03 Apr 2017 Benzene formation, soft drinks - Nigeria
- 02 Apr 2017 Ebola update (13): news, treatment, research, funding
- 02 Apr 2017 Lassa fever - West Africa (14): Nigeria
- 02 Apr 2017 Chikungunya (10): Asia (Nepal)
- 02 Apr 2017 Botulism - USA: (CA) wound, non-drug-related
- 02 Apr 2017 Typhoid fever - Zimbabwe (02): (HA)
- 02 Apr 2017 Undiagnosed deaths, illnesses, canine - UK: (DB)
- 02 Apr 2017 Hepatitis A - Portugal: (LI) MSM
- 02 Apr 2017 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (11): Africa, Asia
- 02 Apr 2017 MERS-CoV (19): Saudi Arabia (SH, QS)
- 02 Apr 2017 Foodborne illness - India: (KL) police, fish curry, RFI
- 02 Apr 2017 Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (03): fatal, more states, vaccine short, RFI
- 02 Apr 2017 Japanese encephalitis & other - India (02): (BR)
- 02 Apr 2017 Filariasis - Marshall Islands: elimination
- 02 Apr 2017 Avian influenza, human (40): Egypt (FY), H5N1, comments
- 02 Apr 2017 Bovine tuberculosis - USA (06): (SD): new strain from Mexico
- 02 Apr 2017 Streptococcus, group A - Canada: (ON) fatal, homeless shelter, RFI
- 02 Apr 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (35): Brazil, vaccine, monkeys
- 02 Apr 2017 Foodborne illness - Lebanon: (BA) schoolchildren, RFI
- 01 Apr 2017 E. coli EHEC - USA (05): O157, soynut butter, CDC update
- 01 Apr 2017 E. coli EHEC - Canada (05): O121, flour
- 01 Apr 2017 Measles update (16)
- 31 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (87): Viet Nam, backyard, HPAI H5N1, H5N6, control
- 31 Mar 2017 MERS-CoV (18): Africa, animal reservoir, camels, 2015, research
- 31 Mar 2017 Avian influenza, human (39): China, H7N9
- 31 Mar 2017 Foot & mouth disease - Algeria (02): (RE) bovine, st A, new strain, OIE
- 31 Mar 2017 Leishmaniasis, visceral - Egypt (02): (BH) prison inmate
- 30 Mar 2017 Pink snow mould, wheat - USA: (WA)
- 30 Mar 2017 Yellow fever - The Netherlands: ex Suriname, WHO
- 30 Mar 2017 Foot & mouth disease - Algeria: (RE) bovine, susp, RFI
- 30 Mar 2017 Infectious salmon anemia - Faroe Islands (02): (NO) st HPR-deleted, OIE
- 30 Mar 2017 Kyasanur Forest disease - India (06): (KA) new cases
- 30 Mar 2017 Undiagnosed deaths, avian - UK: (Scotland) 2014, toxin found
- 30 Mar 2017 Rabies (16): Asia (Philippines) animal, human
- 30 Mar 2017 Bovine tuberculosis - USA (05): (MI) bovine
- 30 Mar 2017 Mumps update (14): Australia (QL), USA
- 30 Mar 2017 Lead poisoning - USA: (CA) children
- 30 Mar 2017 Syphilis - USA: (NC) increased incidence, ocular, HIV-coinfection
- 30 Mar 2017 Mosaic disease, cassava - Malawi
- 29 Mar 2017 Infectious salmon anemia - Faroe Islands: (NO)
- 29 Mar 2017 Measles update (15)
- 29 Mar 2017 Rabbit hemorrhagic disease - Australia: (AC) wild, RHDV1 K5, new strain, OIE
- 29 Mar 2017 Glanders, equine - India (02): (RJ)
- 29 Mar 2017 E. coli EHEC - Canada (04): O121, flour
- 29 Mar 2017 Meningitis, meningococcal - Cameroon: (Yaounde) fatal, sg W
- 29 Mar 2017 Bluetongue - Botswana: (KG) not typed, ovine, OIE
- 28 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (86): USA (GA) poultry, LPAI H7
- 28 Mar 2017 Toxic algae - UK: (England) warning
- 28 Mar 2017 Leptospirosis - USA (04): (NJ) canine
- 28 Mar 2017 Lumpy skin disease - Europe (02): Greece (PW) bovine, 1st 2017 outbreak, OIE
- 28 Mar 2017 Lassa fever - West Africa (13): update
- 28 Mar 2017 Botulism, avian - New Zealand: (WK) waterfowl
- 28 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (85): Europe, HPAI H5N8, poultry, international trade
- 28 Mar 2017 Legionellosis - Japan: (HS) hot spring bath
- 28 Mar 2017 Undiagnosed deaths, reptile - USA: (TN) zoo
- 28 Mar 2017 Undiagnosed deaths, avian - Japan: (Tokyo) crow
- 28 Mar 2017 Equine herpesvirus - North America (13): USA (OR) equine
- 28 Mar 2017 Beef thyroid hormone, dog food - North America (02): recall
- 28 Mar 2017 African swine fever - Europe (08): Moldova, Russia, domestic swine, OIE
- 28 Mar 2017 Leishmaniasis, visceral - Egypt: (Cairo) RFI
- 27 Mar 2017 MERS-CoV (17): Saudi Arabia (RI)
- 27 Mar 2017 Duck viral enteritis - USA: (OK) wild ducks
- 27 Mar 2017 Chikungunya (09): Asia (Pakistan)
- 27 Mar 2017 Lassa fever - West Africa (12): Nigeria
- 27 Mar 2017 Avian influenza, human (38): China, H7N9
- 27 Mar 2017 Rabies (15): Americas (USA, Canada)
- 27 Mar 2017 Anthrax - India (04): (OR) human, livestock susp
- 27 Mar 2017 Bacterial leaf blight, rice - Philippines: (NS)
- 26 Mar 2017 Varicella - India: (WB)
- 26 Mar 2017 Zika virus (05): Americas, Pacific, Asia, research, observations
- 26 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (84): USA, poultry, LPAI H7N9, HPAI H7N9
- 26 Mar 2017 Ebola update (12): news, research, vaccine
- 26 Mar 2017 Botulism - Romania: (BZ) canned food
- 26 Mar 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (34): Brazil
- 26 Mar 2017 Mumps update (13): Portugal, Canada, USA, analysis
- 25 Mar 2017 Meningitis, meningococcal - Nigeria (02): fatal, emergence sg C, WHO
- 25 Mar 2017 Undiagnosed rash - Cameroon (03): (EN) fatalities, commentary
- 25 Mar 2017 Tetanus - Australia: (NSW) unimmunized child
- 25 Mar 2017 Measles update (14)
- 25 Mar 2017 Norovirus - Canada (02): (BC)
- 25 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (83): Belgium (LI) wildfowl, HPAI H5N8, OIE
- 24 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (82): China (Hunan) HPAI H7N9, poultry, OIE
- 24 Mar 2017 Brucellosis - USA (02): (NY) swine, human, 2016
- 24 Mar 2017 Foodborne illness - Egypt (04): schoolchildren
- 24 Mar 2017 Hepatitis A - USA: (MI) increased incidence
- 24 Mar 2017 Avian influenza, human (37): China, H7N9, WHO update, control, genetics
- 24 Mar 2017 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Namibia (03): (OH)
- 24 Mar 2017 New World screwworm - USA (02): (FL) successfully eradicated
- 24 Mar 2017 Sporotrichosis - Brazil: (RJ) feline-human zoonosis
- 24 Mar 2017 Mumps update (12): Canada (ON) USA (IL,AR)
- 24 Mar 2017 Lethal necrosis, maize - Malawi: alert
- 23 Mar 2017 Pigeon rotavirus - Australia: emerging, OIE
- 23 Mar 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (33): PAHO/WHO, Brazil
- 23 Mar 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (32): Brazil, monkey
- 23 Mar 2017 Cholera, diarrhea & dysentery update (10): Africa
- 23 Mar 2017 Yellow fever: vaccination comment
- 23 Mar 2017 Crimean-Congo hem. fever - Oman: case numbers
- 23 Mar 2017 Tetanus, obstetric - USA: (KY) unvaccinated woman
- 23 Mar 2017 Foodborne illness - Egypt (03): schoolchildren, RFI
- 23 Mar 2017 Canine distemper, wildlife - USA (02): (VI) raccoon, skunk, fox, susp.
- 23 Mar 2017 E. coli EHEC - Canada (03): O121
- 23 Mar 2017 Influenza (09): WHO global update
- 23 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (81): USA, poultry, LPAI H7N9, HPAI H7N9, RFI
- 23 Mar 2017 Hantavirus - Americas (23): Chile (LL)
- 23 Mar 2017 Undiagnosed rash - Cameroon (02): (EN) fatalities, commentary
- 23 Mar 2017 Pentobarbital, dog food - USA (03): recall
- 23 Mar 2017 Avian influenza (71): USA (WI): turkey, HPAI H7N9 NOT, LPAI H5N2 corr
- 22 Mar 2017 Murray Valley encephalitis - Australia: (WA), alert
- 22 Mar 2017 MERS-CoV (16): Qatar, Saudi Arabia (SH, MD, RI)
- 22 Mar 2017 Anthrax - Russia: (YN) reindeer vaccination programme
- 21 Mar 2017 Yellow fever - Americas (31): PAHO/WHO, Brazil
- 21 Mar 2017 Rabies (14): Europe (Hungary) caprine, OIE
- 21 Mar 2017 Brucellosis - Mexico: (ZA) unpasteurized cheese
- 21 Mar 2017 Malaria - South Africa, Botswana: high alert
- 21 Mar 2017 E. coli EHEC - Canada (02): O121, RFI
- 21 Mar 2017 Undiagnosed rash - Cameroon: (EN) fatalities, RFI
- 21 Mar 2017 Hepatitis - India: (KA) waterborne, RFI
- 21 Mar 2017 Brucellosis - USA: (NY) swine, human, 2016
- 21 Mar 2017 Cryptosporidiosis - Australia: (NS)
- 20 Mar 2017 Flavescence doree, grapevine - Switzerland: (VD)
- 20 Mar 2017 Distemper, canine - India: (KA)
- 20 Mar 2017 Dengue/DHF update (03): Asia, Pacific
- 20 Mar 2017 White nose syndrome, bats - North America (03): (NE) 1st report
- 20 Mar 2017 Anthrax - India (03): (OR) human, livestock susp
- 20 Mar 2017 Zika virus (04): Americas, Asia Europe, research, observations
- 20 Mar 2017 Anthrax - Australia (06): (VI) livestock, vaccination progress
- 20 Mar 2017 Avian influenza, human (36): China, H7N9
- 19 Mar 2017 Anthrax - India (02): (OR) human
- 19 Mar 2017 Rabies (13): Americas, El Salvador (CA) feline, OIE
- 19 Mar 2017 Mumps update (11): USA
- 19 Mar 2017 Lassa fever - West Africa (11): Nigeria
- 19 Mar 2017 Cryptosporidiosis - USA: (PA) petting farm
- 19 Mar 2017 Simian malaria - Brazil: (RJ) human cases
- 19 Mar 2017 Tick-borne encephalitis virus - Netherlands: (OV)
- 19 Mar 2017 Norovirus - USA (02): (CA)
- 19 Mar 2017 Measles update (13)
Published Date: 2017-04-18 22:14:15
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax, human, livestock, 2016 - Argentina
Archive Number: 20170418.4978771
Subject: PRO/AH/EDR> Anthrax, human, livestock, 2016 - Argentina
Archive Number: 20170418.4978771
ANTHRAX, HUMAN, LIVESTOCK, 2016 - ARGENTINA
*******************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 18 Apr 2017
From: Ramón Noseda <rnoseda@laboratorioazul.com.ar> [edited]
Summary Status of rural anthrax in Argentina, 2016
-----------------------------------------------------------
The annual assessment of rural anthrax in Argentina is a communicational strategy throughout the last 14 years of consecutive reports that validate this epidemiological information. This report assesses different scenarios where people and cattle coexist in a livestock country with more than 53 million units. The annual assessment is performed over:
1- Assessment area of rural anthrax in the Province of Buenos Aires made up of 30 districts. Random outbreaks of anthrax arose on 3 districts: General Villegas, Olavarría and González Chavez. The annual percent distribution of anthrax in 2016 was of 4 percent, 3 percent points less than 2015, and the average 1977-2016 remains on 11percent with 463 _Bacillus anthracis_ isolations over a total of 4210 samples assessed. The seasonal percent distribution also showed a decrease of 6 percent points (12 percent) during the summer of 2016 and identical performance in autumn (5 percent) with 5 points less. There were no isolations during winter and spring.
2- Alert zone and response in the district of Azul. Created by Decree Nº 661-2004 issued by the City Hall of Azul. Azul is a livestock district with 616 652 head of cattle and a historical number of 67 outbreaks of anthrax that have caused 20 human alerts and 21 vet alerts since 2004. Over the last 4 years (2013-2016), there haven't been anthrax outbreaks on any bovine or human case. A total of 1 717 332 units of cattle have been vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease and anthrax simultaneously in the last 12 years. As many as 219 324 units were vaccinated in this term, this is 51 percent of "susceptible population", 21 percent points less than 2015.
3- Isolations in other Vet Diagnosis Labs. During 2016, there was a decrease of 3 percent points compared to 2015.
4- Districts of the province of Buenos Aires involved in anthrax outbreaks. A total of 4 random bovine anthrax outbreaks arose in the districts of: General Villegas (1), Rauch (1), Olavarría (1), and Gonzales Chaves (1).
5- Production of antianthrax vaccine for veterinary use. A total of 23 839 470 doses for bovine use were produced. There was a decrease of 3 821 315 doses compared to 2015.
6- Compulsory bovine vaccination: 3 areas of antianthrax vaccination were assessed:
a)- Province of Buenos Aires. According to official information, 10 404 919 head of cattle were vaccinated of susceptible population (75 percent). A total of 31 604 herds (49 percent) belonged to Stockbreeder Firms.
b)- Province of Santa Fe: 5 008 684 head of cattle were vaccinated, this is 96 percent of its susceptible population and their estancias, 26 414 (96 percent).
c)- Alert Zone and Response in the district of Azul, Province of Buenos Aires: 219 324 head of cattle were vaccinated (51 percent) of its "susceptible population"
7 - Cases of human anthrax at a national level - 2 cases of skin carbuncle were informed in the Province of Santa Fe.
8- Other facts related to rural anthrax: several activities related to rural carbuncle in Argentina are described. There is more commitment of public and private organizations in the creation of zoonosis inter institutional boards in the province of Buenos Aires.
Conclusions: Every monitoring performed on the places of systematized assessment: 1-2-3-4, showed a tendency to decrease the outbreaks of rural carbuncle. In order to move ahead towards the control of rural carbuncle in Argentina, cattle breeders and sanitarian officers must agree the following:
a) Compulsory vaccination of all cattle.
b) An efficient intervention over every focal point.
c) Proper disposal of carcasses.
These are the adequate measures to control them; as a means of prevention and protection of legally protected interests: Human and Cattle Health as a source of production in this livestock country.
--
Ramón Noseda
Co Director Laboratorio Azul
54 02281 431770/71 - 15652891
Azul, Buenos Aires
Argentina
<rnoseda@laboratorioazul.com.ar>
[We greatly appreciate Ramon's prompt submission of the Argentina annual report of anthrax, "carbunclo rural". The full report has yet to be posted on the Laboratorios Azul site, but I expect it shortly. It will be found on: http://www.laboratorioazul.com.ar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=78&Itemid=374. - Mod.MHJ
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail map can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/4.]
*******************************************
A ProMED-mail post
http://www.promedmail.org
ProMED-mail is a program of the
International Society for Infectious Diseases
http://www.isid.org
Date: Tue 18 Apr 2017
From: Ramón Noseda <rnoseda@laboratorioazul.com.ar> [edited]
Summary Status of rural anthrax in Argentina, 2016
-----------------------------------------------------------
The annual assessment of rural anthrax in Argentina is a communicational strategy throughout the last 14 years of consecutive reports that validate this epidemiological information. This report assesses different scenarios where people and cattle coexist in a livestock country with more than 53 million units. The annual assessment is performed over:
1- Assessment area of rural anthrax in the Province of Buenos Aires made up of 30 districts. Random outbreaks of anthrax arose on 3 districts: General Villegas, Olavarría and González Chavez. The annual percent distribution of anthrax in 2016 was of 4 percent, 3 percent points less than 2015, and the average 1977-2016 remains on 11percent with 463 _Bacillus anthracis_ isolations over a total of 4210 samples assessed. The seasonal percent distribution also showed a decrease of 6 percent points (12 percent) during the summer of 2016 and identical performance in autumn (5 percent) with 5 points less. There were no isolations during winter and spring.
2- Alert zone and response in the district of Azul. Created by Decree Nº 661-2004 issued by the City Hall of Azul. Azul is a livestock district with 616 652 head of cattle and a historical number of 67 outbreaks of anthrax that have caused 20 human alerts and 21 vet alerts since 2004. Over the last 4 years (2013-2016), there haven't been anthrax outbreaks on any bovine or human case. A total of 1 717 332 units of cattle have been vaccinated against foot-and-mouth disease and anthrax simultaneously in the last 12 years. As many as 219 324 units were vaccinated in this term, this is 51 percent of "susceptible population", 21 percent points less than 2015.
3- Isolations in other Vet Diagnosis Labs. During 2016, there was a decrease of 3 percent points compared to 2015.
4- Districts of the province of Buenos Aires involved in anthrax outbreaks. A total of 4 random bovine anthrax outbreaks arose in the districts of: General Villegas (1), Rauch (1), Olavarría (1), and Gonzales Chaves (1).
5- Production of antianthrax vaccine for veterinary use. A total of 23 839 470 doses for bovine use were produced. There was a decrease of 3 821 315 doses compared to 2015.
6- Compulsory bovine vaccination: 3 areas of antianthrax vaccination were assessed:
a)- Province of Buenos Aires. According to official information, 10 404 919 head of cattle were vaccinated of susceptible population (75 percent). A total of 31 604 herds (49 percent) belonged to Stockbreeder Firms.
b)- Province of Santa Fe: 5 008 684 head of cattle were vaccinated, this is 96 percent of its susceptible population and their estancias, 26 414 (96 percent).
c)- Alert Zone and Response in the district of Azul, Province of Buenos Aires: 219 324 head of cattle were vaccinated (51 percent) of its "susceptible population"
7 - Cases of human anthrax at a national level - 2 cases of skin carbuncle were informed in the Province of Santa Fe.
8- Other facts related to rural anthrax: several activities related to rural carbuncle in Argentina are described. There is more commitment of public and private organizations in the creation of zoonosis inter institutional boards in the province of Buenos Aires.
Conclusions: Every monitoring performed on the places of systematized assessment: 1-2-3-4, showed a tendency to decrease the outbreaks of rural carbuncle. In order to move ahead towards the control of rural carbuncle in Argentina, cattle breeders and sanitarian officers must agree the following:
a) Compulsory vaccination of all cattle.
b) An efficient intervention over every focal point.
c) Proper disposal of carcasses.
These are the adequate measures to control them; as a means of prevention and protection of legally protected interests: Human and Cattle Health as a source of production in this livestock country.
--
Ramón Noseda
Co Director Laboratorio Azul
54 02281 431770/71 - 15652891
Azul, Buenos Aires
Argentina
<rnoseda@laboratorioazul.com.ar>
[We greatly appreciate Ramon's prompt submission of the Argentina annual report of anthrax, "carbunclo rural". The full report has yet to be posted on the Laboratorios Azul site, but I expect it shortly. It will be found on: http://www.laboratorioazul.com.ar/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=78&Itemid=374. - Mod.MHJ
A HealthMap/ProMED-mail map can be accessed at: http://healthmap.org/promed/p/4.]
See Also
2016----
Anthrax, human, livestock, 2015 - Argentina 20160425.4182775
2015
----
Anthrax, human, livestock, 2014 - Argentina 20150505.3343594
2014
----
Anthrax, human, livestock, 2013 - Argentina 20140318.2340739
2013
----
Anthrax - Argentina (09): 2012-2013, human surveillance 20130815.1881410
2012
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Anthrax, human, livestock, 2011 - Argentina (02) 20120323.1078899
Anthrax, human, livestock, 2011 - Argentina 20120321.1077056
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